[摘要] 目的 探讨卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液(欣母沛)预防高危剖宫产后出血的临床疗效及安全性。 方法 选择2013年1月~2014年1月期间我院收治的有产后出血倾向的剖宫产产妇104例,根据随机数表法将其平均分为研究组与对照组各52例。两组产妇均行剖宫产手术,胎儿娩出后静滴20 U缩宫素,在此基础上对照组舌下含服米索前列醇,研究组肌注欣母沛。观察两组产后出血发生情况。 结果 研究组产后2 h及产后24 h出血量显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组产后出血率为5.77%,对照组为38.46%,研究组产后出血率显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。研究组药物不良反应的发生率为11.54%,对照组为13.46%,两组药物不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 欣母沛是预防高危剖宫产后出血的有效方法,可以显著降低产后出血的发生率,安全性好,适于临床应用。 [关键词] 欣母沛;高危;剖宫产;产后出血 [中图分类号] R719.8 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2015)20-0038-03 Clinical efficacy and safety of carboprost tromethamine injection on preventing high-risk postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section ZHOU Bin WANG Chuanhong CHEN Jingge CHE Yanhong Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou City MCH, Zhengzhou 450000,China [Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of carboprost tromethamine injection(hemabate) on preventing high-risk postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section. Methods 104 cases of high-risk postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section from 2013 January to 2014 January in our hospital were selected, which were randomly divided into study group and control group, 52 cases in each group. Two groups of parturients underwent cesarean operation, after delivery of fetus 20 U intravenous drip of oxytocin, on the basis of this group of sublingual misoprostol, the study group was injected hemabate. Then the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage of the two groups were observed. Results The amount of 2 h and 24 h bleeding postpartum postpartum of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.01). The rate of postpartum hemorrhage of the study group was 5.77%, the control group 38.46%, the rate of postpartum hemorrhage of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01). The incidence rate of adverse reaction of drug of the study group was 11.54%, the control group was 13.46%, the difference of adverse drug reactions between the two groups was not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion Hemabate is a effective method to prevent the risk of postpartum hemorrhage of cesarean section, it can significantly reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, has higher safety, and is suitable for clinical application. Hemabate; High-risk; Cesarean section; Postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血是产科常见且多发的并发症之一,是指胎儿娩出血的24 h内,产妇出血量超过500 mL[1]。有资料统计,约有2%~3%的产妇分娩后可发生产后出血,该并发症在我国产妇死亡原因中高居首位[2]。造成产后出血的常见原因有胎盘因素、子宫收缩乏力、软产道损伤及弥散性血管内凝血(dessiminated intiavascular coagulation,DIC),其中子宫收缩乏力的发生率最高,约占产后出血的70%~80%。所以,强化子宫收缩功能是治疗产后出血的主要措施[3]。近年来,随着医学水平的发展,临床用来防治产后出血的药物也层出不穷,但部分药物存有禁忌证或治疗效果不佳,最终诱发难治性出血,需要应用髂内动脉结扎术、宫腔纱条填塞,甚至子宫切除术来治疗,给产妇的身心造成了极大的伤害。为保障产妇分娩的安全性,我院对52例具有高危产后出血风险的剖宫产产妇预防性应用欣母沛,效果显著,现报道如下。 1 资料与方法 1.1 临床资料 选择2013年1月~2014年1月期间我院收治的有产后出血倾向的剖宫产产妇104例。入选标准:①术前检查血小板在100×109/L;②血红蛋白超过110 g/L,凝血时间正常;③肝肾功能正常;④对本次研究知情,并签署知情同意书。排除标准:消化道溃疡、哮喘、青光眼、过敏体质等不适用前列腺素者。将104例患者按照1~104进行编号,根据随机数表法将其平均分为研究组与对照组各52例。研究组:年龄22~36岁,平均(26.3±3.6)岁;孕周36~42周,平均(37.5±2.3)周;初产妇45例,经产妇9例。对照组:年龄22~37岁,平均(26.5±3.2)岁;孕周36~41周,平均(37.2±2.5)周;初产妇44例,经产妇10例。两组的年龄 ;0.05)。 1.2 方法 两组产妇均行剖宫产手术,胎儿娩出后静滴20 U缩宫素。在此基础上,对照组组舌下含服米索前列醇(0.2 mg/片,由安徽华源医药股份有限公司提供,国药准字H20000668)0.2 mg;研究组肌注欣母沛(1 mL:250 μg,10支/盒,由常州四药制药有限公司提供,国药准字H20094183)250 μg。 1.3 评价指标 ①观察比较两组产后2 h及产后24 h出血量。产后出血:术后2 h内出血量>400 mL或产后24 h内出血量>500 mL。测量方法[4]:称量产妇分娩后所用敷料的重量,出血量(1 mL=1.05 g)=敷料用后重量-敷料用前重量,出血量=吸引器在术中吸出的液体-(羊水量+冲洗液量)。②观察比较两组产后出血的发生率及药物不良反应。 1.4 统计学方法 通过SPSS 15.0统计学软件进行分析,计量资料采用(x±s)来表示,组间比较采用t检验,计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 2 结果 2.1 两组产后2 h
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