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展开全部Vision of a harmonious society the government's public crisis management 【Abstract】 social harmony is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attributes, in our country to build a socialist harmonious society, a problem that can not be ignored is that the public crisis management. To deal with public crisis, the Government should have to bear the responsibility, crisis management should play an active role. This paper analyzes the issue of public crisis, in view of our government in dealing with the public response to the question of the existence of crisis, the urgent need to improve the direction. 【Key Words】 harmonious social crisis crisis management crisis of public emergency response capability Social harmony is the essence of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attributes, is the country's prosperity, the nation's regeneration, an important guarantee for the happiness of the people, building a harmonious socialist society is the mission of our party. That affect social harmony in a number of factors, social problems and an unprecedented crisis, to build a harmonious socialist society has added many challenges. The most basic challenge is the Government's management of public crisis. Authority of the Government, as the management of social institutions, in itself bears the maintenance of social stability and development of an important mission for crisis management is today's society the Government must learn to face an important issue. Crisis management public relations between the majority of the people is not only the interests of the masses, but also about the development of the country's prosperity, social stability and unity. For the interests of a majority of the people as the starting point of the ruling party and the government serving the people wholeheartedly, is effective in response, processing, settlement of the crisis is not only the public administration concept of the party and the assessment, it is the government's administrative capacity test. With the crisis of modern society's increasing public and public crisis and destructive influence of the characteristics of increased, targeted to launch a public crisis early warning, treatment is of great significance and value. First, the meaning of public crisis management In a sense, crisis and disaster is the human production and part of social life. Natural disasters caused by human activities and all sorts of disasters to society as a whole is often a huge loss, and hurt the public face of the crisis, the strength of a single individual is negligible. So in the face of crisis, can only rely on the collective strength of humanity will be able to effectively respond to and resolve the crisis, that is to say, human can only rely on the strength of organization to effectively fight against and respond to crisis and disaster. Therefore, the crisis of governance, of course, be important in public affairs, as the main manager of public affairs of government must take to deal with the important task of the various crises of governance. Public crisis management is the modern government, one of the important functions, particularly in the economic globalization, the rapid development of science and technology of today, public crises have obvious spillover effects. A country and region if the Government does not effectively inhibit the occurrence of crises, is likely to lead to the expansion of the crisis, the impact of more peoples and nations. Internationally, the public crisis management generally refers to times of crisis, the Government has taken to help citizens and the environment, a series of measures. The connotation of the Government towards the crisis in an emergency incident or disaster, both natural disasters and man-made destruction of the twin factors. The functions of public crisis management usually includes the contents of the five large. First, to enhance the capacity of the national crisis management, the establishment of crisis management policies and strategies, leading the people of the prevention of learning activities to enhance the capacity of anti-crisis. Second is to reduce loss of life and property, to provide complete information and reduce the actual public crisis of devastating and reduce losses, to mobilize all forces to ensure that all the available forces are in place, according to plan to deal with disasters, good risk management decision-making, the development of and implement a comprehensive training and education programs. Third, the suffering and destruction will be reduced to the lowest point: rapid and effective response to disaster in the management of distinct functions, to provide timely and effective assistance to pay the insurance, post-disaster repair to minimize loss. Fourth, the preparation of terrorist activities after the crisis management, to support local governments by the central governing body to establish and strengthen local government capacity to respond to terrorist activities, in a unified information platform to share information. Fifth, the establishment of a national portal to provide information services. Single building to facilitate crisis management information portal, the use of knowledge management services in crisis management information, building the country's communication and early warning systems. Government to take account of public crisis management crisis in social and public events, the objective laws of development in order to take effective measures, thus, the public is bound to crisis management in order to "cycle" of the form. Struggle with the crisis, just hope that at some point in the "whole task at one stroke" is not realistic, mature, public crisis management mode must be a continuous management cycle. Based on the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) the success of practical experience, and integrity of public crisis management system is usually to ease crisis (mitigation), crisis preparedness (preparedness), crisis response (response) and the resumption of the crisis (recovery) composed of four parts . Second, China's government public crisis management analysis of the problems Our government's crisis management in public, generally speaking, the concept of backward and complex changes in today's society not meet the objective reality, not be able to respond effectively to the strategy, the success of prevention and defuse the crisis. "Atypical pneumonia", as well as the emergence of the role of its destruction to illustrate this point clear. "Atypical pneumonia" to the Chinese Government on an important lesson, the Government is aware that in dealing with such as "atypical pneumonia" This sudden public crisis, the course of events of the lack of government capacity, there is no comprehensive plan, there is no effective measures and so on. These reflect the crisis in dealing with public problems in the process, specifically in the following aspects. 1, the very public crisis led to state the capacity of the Government's lack of predictable The very state of public crisis is a result of a reduced ability to foresee an important reason. Public crisis of modern society as a result of unexpected events, abnormal, and decided to deal with the crisis and control of no precedent to follow, the Government's handling of and response capacity of public crisis has put forward higher requirements, can not be carried out step by step, the need for have a stronger ability to adapt. Originating in the crisis period, ability to control the spread of the crisis plays an important role. However, due to our government and society, a weak sense of crisis, the lack of fully integrated system of crisis management and crisis response coordination mechanisms. Therefore, in the "atypical pneumonia" early crisis, there has been poor communication of the crisis are not allowed to judge the trend of development, system security, resources and support can not keep up, coordination mechanisms, such as a range of issues, missed the "atypical pneumonia "rapid and effective response to the crisis of the best period, resulting in the serious consequences of their expansion, revealing a public crisis of governance apparent lack of ability. 2, the Government's policies and regulations are incomplete, resulting in a lack of crisis management during the legal basis for Government policies and regulations, such as lack of legal protection of the capacity of public health events in this process is also reflected, the Order still played a major role. Although the rule of law played a role, but has not yet become the government's actions and the main framework for social behavior. "People's Republic of Communicable Disease Prevention Act" is in Shanghai in 1988 after the outbreak of the development of hepatitis A, but in the "atypical pneumonia" before the incident, China has not a specific area of public health emergencies and regulations, until May 7, 2003 before the State Council passed the "Emergency Regulations on public health emergencies", which is generated by an emergency administrative rules and regulations, from brewing to the adoption and entry into force, before and after less than a month, but too late. The laws and regulations in regard to public health emergencies has played an important role, but the reality of this for the emergency needs of the laws and regulations, there are obvious defects in the form of not only the constitutionality and legitimacy will be questioned, and easy to form a bad precedent for the legislation, namely the situation of crisis and in need of legal bases, when emergency legislation is not legislation. Crisis of governance that the Government's lack of proper legal protection, before this crisis came a hasty legislation in response to the passive situation. And the delayed legislation, laws and regulations are incomplete, making the process of dealing with the crisis was no legal basis. 3, the Government response to the crisis of information open, leading to social panic Information capacity of the Government of modern management and decision-making must have a capability of the government of modern, standardized and scientific aspects of study such as an important indicator. The SARS crisis exposed the Government's lack of effective crisis management information support and information communication. As some local government departments in the initial stage of the crisis over the monopoly of information, resulting in information collection, processing and transmission capacity is not strong, there is no timely and accurate disclosure of information to the outside world, the lack of effective communication with the public, causing public panic and suspicion created a crisis of confidence in the Government. A government promises to the people, not only can not mobilize the public to cope with various crises, but will lead to other social crisis. At present, China's e-government building, government information, such as the public is not entirely satisfactory situation, and social needs of government information and government information exists between the supply of a large gap. The overall capacity of government information is not high, can not cope with a major crisis to meet the needs of the incident. In times of crisis, the formal private information, resulting in the spread of gossip, not only can not be effective to appease the masses, but also very easily lead to panic the masses. For example, in November 2005, Kyrgyzstan led to the explosion of the Songhua River water pollution in Harbin for four days without water but it does not explain to the general public the real cause of water, causing a public panic, an earthquake, such as rumors spread of gossip.
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