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摘要中谓语动词的时态基本上分一般现在时和一般过去时两种。由于科研论文写作通常采用一般现在时，所附摘要自然也多用一般现在时态。
(1) 叙述研究方法和目的时，使用一般现在时态。 A. This article sets out four of the main misconcepts discusses why they have arisen and why they can be so described. B. To answer this the author explores two new algorithms:a.keep in the cache documents that take the longest to retrieve; and b.use a hybrid of several factors…
(2)推导研究结果时用一般现在时态。 A.The results show that the period of induction and the patent period of stressor can be initially confirmed by the electrical conductivity of medium and the variability of soluble protein in tomato. B.A method for stiffness calculation under vertical load is devised.
(3) 回顾研究过程时，用一般过去时态。 A.A method to separate and extract the substance tomaoto was firstly cultured in totally nutient solution then shifted to the incompletely nutrient solution till the period of 3 leave and 1 core. B. At the incident pump power of 22w the output of 13.22w was obtained resulting in an optical conversion effiency of 60.1% while the slope efficiency was determined to be 64.8%. (4)陈述结论，提出建议或是描述一般规律时，用一般现在时。A.However little has been done on how to make the operation schedules after the job sequences have been determined. B. In doing this the article attempts to define some important characteristics of communicative language teaching as it is practiced at present. Introduction Introduction：
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描述跟你的实验相关的领域研究现状及存在的问题，自然的过度到你的实验意义和重要性。“Although…..there are still… so far”“Here for the first time we have used…..”。如果你前面已发过相关的文章，要插入引用一下 “We recently showed that…..”或“Our previous studies have shown that… . These results verify that…..”“Here…..”“ To explore this hypothesis we generated….”. 写好Introduction需要有大量的参考文献做基础，摘取短语、词组、句子进行reorganize。调节好前后句子的顺序及衔接。 Materials and Methods Materials and Methods：这部分可以从别的文章摘到现成的方法描述，加以改造，替换成自己的实验条件，变成自己的表达方式，近几年journal对抄袭句子的现象抓的特别严，多注意。 太复杂的经典方法，可以简单描述后加上参考文献“Briefly …..[ref]”;也可以直接引用参考文献“The…method was performed as described previously [ref]”。 Results Results：这一部分很重要。要按照一定wWw.lunwen.net.Cn中国论文网免费学术期刊论文发表,目录,论文查重入口,本科毕业论文怎么写,职称论文范文,论文摘要,论文文献资料,毕业论文格式,论文检测降重.
